This subject is related to the Combine era.

Citadel design evolution

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The Citadel
Game information
Designer(s)

The Citadel went through various designs during Half-Life 2’s development. They can be described thanks to the various pieces of concept art, WC map pack maps, and the models, textures, and environment maps found in the playable Half-Life 2 leak files.

Oldest known versions[edit]

  • Viktor Antonov, Dhabih Eng and Eric Kirchmer made several pieces of concept art depicting various iterations of the Citadel, including organic versions.[source?] Whether these versions made it past the concept art stage is unknown.
  • The vignette Old Friends from the uncorrected proof of Half-Life 2: Raising the Bar features a Citadel fitted with weaponry, making use of its supportive guy-wires to form an "Eye" which shot "spears of blazing plasma" at Gordon, Barney Calhoun and Isaac Kleiner as they attempted to escape City 17.[9]

Gallery[edit]

2001 versions[edit]

This 'rusty' version is featured in several revisions of the map c17_04, from revision 21 to 28, created from March to June 2001. Prior versions of the map do not feature the Citadel, or even a 3D skybox, and in succeeding versions this variation was replaced by the next iteration. The Citadel is entirely brown and apparently not detailed, while a closer look shows it is detailed, featuring a round lump (seen in the posters), windows and other precise shapes. This version was to be separated from the rest of City 17 by a tall concrete barrier known as the "inner wall" or "inner gates"[15]. Another map, proto_c17inner, from March 2001, also features this Citadel (the front and rear and reversed, compared to c17_04) and provides a closer look at the area behind the inner wall, featuring brutalist concrete structures and deep holes in the ground emitting greenish light. The aforementioned structures appear to be forcibly built into a previously existing city block, with remains of the human buildings featured around the area.

There is only one known map of the interior of this Citadel, existing in two revisions: proto_core001 (January 2001) and proto_core002 (February 2001), showing an early iteration of the Citadel Core that will eventually appear in Half-Life 2: Episode One.

Another map, proto_c17citadel_skybox, from April 2001, features a less detailed spire, which appears grey-colored, not brown, and seems to be based on the concept art for the Citadel's lower entrance. Here the spire is shown to be rising out of a deep shaft in the ground, surrounded by the same brown concrete building-like structures.

This version is also featured in the old Combine propaganda posters made by Randy Lundeen[16] (who was also one of the mappers of the 2001-2002 versions of the Citadel).

Gallery[edit]

2001-2002 versions[edit]

Viktor Antonov made concept art for this version,[1] while Aaron Barber and Randy Lundeen designed the maps of the outside and inside, respectively. In the WC map pack, this is the version with the most maps, featuring numerous instances of both the exteriors and interiors.[5]

This Citadel, covered in metal, is made of different cylinders stacked on top of each other, with other shapes stuck around them, and topped with an antenna-like shape. The metal textures used in the various maps are metalwall065 from e to j, which are missing from the leak files, metalwall065a being the only one left and not used for the Citadel. This version comes in two known variations: One with a tapered shape, the other with a thicker appearance. Incidentally, the City 17 logo is similar to a cross-section of this Citadel.

Inside, all floors, walls and ceilings are entirely covered in tiles of various colors and sizes. Metal and glass pipes with organic forms can also be found all around, as well as dangling chains, some with speakers are their end, and mechanisms such as pistons (similar to those seen in the Air Exchange) and rotating valves. The maps also feature a prison area with Vortigaunts in the cells. Concept art for the Depot's prison is based on such maps.[17]

This Citadel's exterior is featured in maps such as:

  • c17_01_16 (August 2001).
  • c17_04: From revision 29 to 41 (August 2001 to February 2002).
  • proto_citadel_002: In a real-life size (April 2001). proto_citadel_001 is missing from the map pack but its envmap is still present in the playable leak's texture files.
  • proto_citadel_skybox: Featuring the nighttime satellite image of Manhattan also used in the final game, and an optional visgroup of human and Combine buildings such as towers (similar to the Air Exchange's industrial tower) connected to it at its base (October 2001). The revision proto_citadel_skybox3 includes a concrete wall similar to the previous version's inner wall surrounding its base (Same month).

This Citadel's interior is featured in maps such as:

  • proto_citadel_interior and its variations (May 2001).
  • proto_citadel_consul (August 2001).
  • proto_citadel_mechanical (August 2001).
  • proto_citadel_tankroom (August 2001). It is reused in demo_citadel01 (October 2001) and demo_citadelpipes (February 2002). The envmap texture file for proto_citadel_tankroom also includes two color variants.
  • proto_citadel_advisors: Features a long shaft. Though its names suggests a relation to the Combine Advisor, no models of the Synth are present. This may be an early instance of the Advisor shaft featured at the start of Episode One (October 2001).
  • proto_citadel_cellblock (July 2001). It is reused in demo_citadel01 (October 2001).
  • proto_citadel_garbage (October 2001). Also exists as demo_citadel02 (Same month).
  • demo_camshaft: A demo map not set in the Citadel but reusing the same assets (February 2002). Older version of demo_physics (September 2002).

Gallery (outside)[edit]

Tapered version[edit]

Thick version[edit]

Gallery (inside)[edit]

proto_citadel_consul[edit]

There are additional images in this gallery. Click to expand.

The following screenshots depict fan-made recreations, based off the above envmap.

proto_citadel_interior 1 to 3[edit]

proto_citadel_advisors[edit]

proto_citadel_cellblock / demo_citadel01[edit]

proto_citadel_garbage / demo_citadel02[edit]

Misc.[edit]

E3 2002 version[edit]

This round and blueish version (and the first known model, citadelfar.mdl) was first seen in the Half-Life 2 E3 2002 Trailer. Another feature appearing in the trailer is a single cable connecting the Citadel to one of the Combine Factories buildings (In e3_terminal from May 2002). It appears in e3_terminal and its variants (April to May 2002), e3_strider and its variants (April to May 2002) and canals_01_10 to canals_01_11 (June 2002).[5][15] The model appears green-tinted due to having its own greenish envmap.

Gallery[edit]

August 2002 - July 2003 versions[edit]

The near final version, designed by Jeff Ballinger,[1] Viktor Antonov,[18] and Danika Wright,[8] was first created with depots at its feet like the other version made around the same time. This version can be found in d1_under0102a, with added small Citadel parts as the model CombineCitadel.mdl (April 2003).

In the other maps it is found, it has no depots, and is a brush or a model (Combine_citadel.mdl). Revisions 12 and 14 of canals_01 (Brush, June and July 2002), prefab_combine2 (Brush, June 2002, as canals_01 with added Citadel parts as the model CombineCitadel.mdl, with a larger unused Citadel found in the map void), proto_innerwall (Brush, July 2002, as canals_01 with added Citadel parts), and in the screenshot of a more recent version of e3_terminal, and as a model in the map d1_under0102 (June to July 2003), d1_under0102b and its variants (Model, May to June 2003), proto_combine_underground5 (January 2003, same skybox as proto_innerwall), proto_c17map (March 2003, same mix of brush and model as in proto_innerwall and proto_combine_underground5), proto_c17combine (August 2002), proto_combine_underground5 (Close to the base of the Citadel; features the Depot model at its feet, January 2003).[5] Then a model was created; this is the one featured in the Half-Life 2 leak; it is almost identical to the next and latest version.[15]

This design is reminiscent of the Bayonets Memorial in Zelenograd, Russia, as well as a monument in Aberystwyth University in Wales.

Gallery[edit]

September 2002 - March 2003 version[edit]

This version is a cylinder flanked with buttresses that go beyond the cylinder's top. At its feet, it reuses the same depots than the near final version worked on concurrently, with just one additional smaller depot. It can be found in the map proto_docks (September 2002), d1_sewer51g (January 2003), d1_sewer51i (February 2003), d1_sewer51j (February 2003), and two versions of d1_under0102 (February and March 2003).[5]

Gallery[edit]

Retail version[edit]

The last version, a set a several models depending on context, is featured in Half-Life 2 and its Episodes. The final evolution of the August 2002 - July 2003 versions, that triangular prism is bluer and more detailed, and no longer contains Depot models at its feet.

Half-Life 2[edit]

During the course of the game, Half-Life 2 uses a total of 5 models.

At the start of the game until the failed teleportation (background01, d1_trainstation 01, 02, 04 and 05), the game uses the model Combine_Citadel001b.mdl, which is an idle Citadel whose top is hidden in the clouds. Model Combine_Citadel_animated.mdl is used next, and only once in the game, when the Citadel sets itself on full alert after Gordon has been discovered following the teleportation failure (d1_trainstation_06).

Its alert model with the top in the clouds, Combine_Citadel001b_open.mdl, is used in the Canals (d1_canals_01 to 03, and 05 to 07) and during the City 17 uprising (d3_c17_01 to 07, and 09). The subsequent uprising maps (d3_c17_10a to 13) use Combine_Citadel001_open.mdl, with the top no longer hidden in the clouds.

The model Combine_Citadel001.mdl is used only when reaching the foot of the Citadel, with its base as brush work within the playable map itself (d3_citadel_01).

Half-Life 2: Episode One[edit]

Half-Life 2: Episode Two[edit]

References[edit]